Omega-3 Supplementation in Dogs: Dosing Reference

2021-08

The evidence base for omega-3 supplementation in dogs is stronger than for most supplements. This is a dosing reference for EPA+DHA combined (not ALA from plant sources — dogs convert ALA to EPA/DHA at less than 5% efficiency).

General Maintenance Dose

50–75 mg EPA+DHA per kg body weight per day.

Therapeutic Doses

• Osteoarthritis / joint inflammation: 75–100 mg/kg/day
• Skin conditions / allergic dermatitis: 75–100 mg/kg/day
• Cardiac disease (dilated cardiomyopathy): 40 mg EPA + 25 mg DHA per kg/day (veterinary supervision required)
• Cognitive dysfunction: 50–75 mg/kg/day; evidence moderate

Sources

• Fish oil capsules: check EPA+DHA per capsule on label (varies widely by brand)
• Sardines in water: ~1,700 mg omega-3 per 100g
• Salmon: ~2,000–2,500 mg per 100g (species dependent)
• Krill oil: higher bioavailability per mg but more expensive per gram of EPA+DHA

Upper Limit

Very high doses (>3% of diet as fat) can cause digestive upset, immune suppression, and impaired platelet function. Stay within therapeutic ranges unless under veterinary supervision.